Vacuum-power hammer



Sept. 1, 1925. 1,551,989

L. E. GOLLY VACUUM POWER HAMMER Filed Oct. 18, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Sept, 1, 1925. 1,551,989

L. E. GOLLY- VACUUM POWER HAMMER Patented Sept. 1, 1925.

STATES I 1,551,989 PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS n. oonLY, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR routine 0. CAMPBELL, or

NEW .YORK, N. Y.

VACUUM-POWER HAMMER.

Application filed October 18, 1921. Serial No. 508,535.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known'that I, LOUIS E. GoLLr, a citizen of the United States,residing at the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, cityandState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVacuum-Power Hammers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to vacuum power hammers, and the novelty consistsin the adaptation and arrangement of the parts, as will be more fullyhereinafter pointed out.

Heretofore vacuum power hammers have been so constructed that there wasan un- 1 usual number of parts which has made it possible for a largenumber of these different parts, which were adapted to co act, to getout of order, thereby causing many interruptions and delays in the useof such vacuum 20 power hammers.

My'invention has so simplified the number of parts and the co-acting ofsaid parts that most all interruptions and delays due to the failure ofthe various co-acting parts to properly function have been eliminated.In short my device furnishes a vacuum power hammer which is at all timesreliable and which will give uninterrupted service over long periods oftime Without repair or adjustment for a long time.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a top plan view of my device withthe central portion in horizontal section, and with part of the drivingmechanism removedyFi 2 is a vertical section through the drivingmechanism and housing; Figure.3 is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe cylinder on the line 3-3 of Figure 4; Figure 4 is an end view of thecylinder looking in at the left end of Fig. 3; Figure 5 is a top planview of the hammer; and Figure '6 is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe hammen on the line 66 of Figure 5.

In the drawings 7 is a cylinder having longitudinal borings 8 andcircular cut-outs 9 which connect said borings 8 with the inside of thecylinder. The lower end of the cylinder 7 terminates in a tool holder 10which has a cylindrical boring 11, in which is mounted a spring 12 and aflange ring 13, both the spring 12 and flange ring 13 being held undercompressed tension between the bushing 14 which is driven into the openend of the tool holder 10 and the flange 15 at the head of the boring11, and through which there is a circular boring 16. A tool 17 isadapted to have-the handlethereof in sorted into the bushing 14 and thecircular boring 16 so that the shoulder 18 of said tool will bear on theflange ring 13.

The cylinder 7 also has at its upper end an external threading 19, andalso has a shoulder 20 formed by cutting out the threaded portion 1-9.In the shoulder 20 is a cylindrical boring 21. A driving mechanismhousing 22 is internally threaded at 23 so as to engage theexternalthreading 19 of the cylinder 7, and has air vents 24 whichmaintain atmospheric pressure uniformly in the inner chamber 25 of saidhousing 22.

The upper end of said housing terminates in a handle 26 of usualconstruction. The housing 22 has a bearing 27 which is adapted toreceive a spindle 28 of a driving plate 29, which plate also has aneccentric projection 30 in which there is'a circular cut out or hearing31. The exterior of the eccentric 30 is also adapted to be used as abearing over which a plunger connector arm having a circular head 32 isadapted to be mounted. An eccentric pin 33 of a driven. plate 34 isadapted to fit intothe bearing 31 of the eccentric projection 30,thereby holding the plunger connector 31 in position on the eccentricprojection 30 so that the circular'head 32 will rotate freely thereon.The driven plate 34 also has a spindle 35 which is adapted -to fit intoand rotate freely in abearing 36 of a removable circular plate 37 whichis externally threaded so as to engage the internal threading 38 of thehousing 22 with a left hand thread so that it will tend to tighten asthe device vibrates in operation. The spindle 36 terminates in anexternal threading 39, over which a nut 40 is adapted to be threaded.The removable plate 37 has a circular sub-housing 41, which isexternally threaded at 4.2 so that it is adapted to receive theinternally threaded cap 43. The circular sub-housing 41 is adapted tocontain suitable grease for lubricating the device, indicated at 1 i. 1The'lower end of the plunger arm 31 terminates in a ball 45' which isadapted to-fit a socket 46 of a plunger 47, which plunger is adapted toslide on the inside of the cylinder-7. Lower portions of the drivingplate 29 and driven plate 34 are designated as 29 and 34', respectively,and are both adapted to act as counter-balances to the connector arm 31and plunger 47., The plunger 47 has an air pocket 48 which is adapted toreceive the head 49 of a tappet or hammer 50, which head 49 is ofsmaller diameter than the ham- I which there are vertical borings 53adapted to act as air passages connecting the cut-out 51 with the spacebetween the hammer 50 and the plunger 47, thereby permitting the use ofa longer and heavier tappet 50.

The spindle 28 terminates in an external threading 54, over which aflexible shaft, not shown, lead-ing from a source of power, which alsois not shown herein, is adapted to be fastened and retained in positionby means of a slot 55 in which a key on said shaft isadapted to belocked.

. In the housing 22 is mounted a lock member 56 which is always underspring pressure so that said lock 56 will engage with -the boring 21 inthe cylinder 7 and effect a locking when the housing 22 is screwed downonto the cylinder 7 at 19.

Several registering cut-outs 9 may be arranged so as to vary the amountof vacuum, formed in the inside of the cylinder 7, which variation willvary the blow of the hammer 50 in direct ratio with the variation of thevacuum. v

The operation of my device is as follows The power is turned on from thesource of power which is not shown, which thereby rotates the spindle54, the driving plate 29, and through the eccentrics 33 and 30 rotatesthe driven plate 34 therewith, which carry the connecting arm 31therewith, thereby raising and lowering the plunger 47 which isconnected to said arm 31 to the ball 45 and socket 46. The tappet 50 isin its nor mail or lower position as shown in Figure 1, and the air istherefore maintained at atmospheric pressure on the inside of thecylinder7 as it circulates freely from both ends of the device, throughthe tool holder 10 and the air vents24, at the power housing end of thedevice, and circulating freely through the longitudinal borings 8, andthence through the circular cut-outs 9 to the inside of the cylinder 7.As the operator then holds the handle 26 with one hand and directs theapplication of the tool 17 with the other hand and presses down toperform the proposed operation with the tool 17, the upper or handle endof the tool will project throu h the circular'boring 16so that the tool1 pushes with it on the tappet or hammer 50, thereby raising thecircular cut-out 51 until it stops registering with the circular cut-out9, whereupon the sliding of the plunger 47 in the upward or backwardmovement will cause a vacuum on the inside of the cylinder 7 so thehammer 50 will slide up thereinuntil the head 47 cushions in the airpocket 48 of the plunger 47, whereupon it will be pushed downwardly bythe downward drive of the plunger 47 and the lower end or base of thehammer 50 will strike a blow on thevu'pper or handle and of the tool 17.This operation will continue with the rapid blows of the hammer 50 onthe tool 17 until the operator releases the pressure on the tool 17,whereupon the spring 12 will, through the pushing of the flange ring 13against the shoulder 18 of the tool 17, restore the tool to its normalposition so that the upper end'does not project against the lower end ofthe hammer 50, and the hammer 50 will slide down to its normal positionwhere circular cut-out 51 registers with the cut-out 9, wherebyatmospheric pressure is again restored to the cylinder 7 therebystopping the movement up and down of the hammer 50 in the cylinder 7.

I claim: 1. In a vaccum power hammer the COIIllOlnation of a singlepiece cylinder comprising a .tool holder at one end, a reciprocatoryplunger in said cylinder, means for actuating said plunger, and areciprocatory hammer. movable in said cylinder between said toolholder'and said plunger, and said cylinder embodying means for producinga vacuum between the end of the hammer and the end of the plunger whensaid plunger is moving in a direction away from said tool holder andforcing said hammer against the end of the tool holder when the plungermoves in the opposite direction, consisting of longitudinal borings andcircular cutouts in said cylinder adapted to maintainatmosphericpressure therein, and means for interrupting the same betweenthe hammerand lunger. v

2. n a vacuum power hammer the combination of. a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end, a reciprocatory plunger in saidcylinder having an air cushion pocket, means for actuating said plunger,and a reciprocatory hammer having a head adapted to cushion in said aircushion pocket movable in said cylinder between said tool holder andsaid plunger,- orand said cylinder embodying means producing a vacuumbetween the end of the hammer and the end of the plunger when saidplunger is moving in a direction away from said tool holder and; forcingsaid hammer against the end of the tool holder when the plunger moves inthe opposite direction consisting of longitudinal borings and circularcut-outs in said cylinder adapted to maintain atmospheric pressuretherein, and means for interrupting the same be tween the hammer andplunger a head adapted to 3. ln a vacuum power hammer the combination ofa cylinder comprising a tool holder at one end, a reciprocatory plungerin said cylinder, means for actuating said plunger, and a reciprocatoryhammer movable in said "cylinder between said tool holder and saidplunger, and said cylinder embodying means for producing a vacuumbetween the end of the hammer and the end of the plungerwhen saidplunger is moving in a direction away from said tool holder and forcingsaid hammer against the end of the tool holder when the plunger moves inthe opposite direction, consisting of Iongitudinal borings and circularcut-outs in said cylinder adapted to maintain atmospheric pressuretherein, and means for interrupting the same between the hammer andplunger consisting of a circular cut-out on said hammer adapted toregister with the upper circular cut-out in said cylinder.

4. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end, a r'eciprocatory plunger in saidcylinder having an air cushion pocket, means for actuating said plunger,and a reciprocatory ham'mer having cushion in said air cushion pocketmovable in said c linder between said tool holder and said p unger, andsaid cylinder embodying means for producing a vacuum between the end ofthe'hammer and the end of the plunger when said plunger is'moving in adirection away from said tool holder and forcin said hammer against theend of the tool hofiier when the plunger moves in the opposite directionconsisting of longitudinal 'borings and circular cutouts in saidcylinder adapted to maintain atmospheric pressure therein, and means forinterrupting the same between the hammer and, plunger, consisting of acircular cut-out on said hammer adapted to register with the uppercircular cut-out in said cylinder.

5. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end having a flange ring mounted in thecylinder boring of said holder under downward spring pressure, areciprocatory plunger in said cylinder, means for actuating saidplunger, and a reciprocatory hammer movable in 'Fifz'tld cylinderbetweensaid tool holder and said plunger. and said cylinder embodying means forproducing a vacuum between the end of the hammer and the end of theplunger when said plunger is moving in a direction away from said toolholder and forcing said ham mer against the end of the tool holder whenthe plunger moves in the opposite direction.

6. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a cylinder comprising atool holder at one end having a; flange rin mounted in the cylindricalboring of sai ing an air cushion pocket, means for actuating saidplunger, and a'reciprocating hammer having a head adapted to cushion insaid air cushion pocket, movable in said cylinder between said toolholder and said plunger, and said cylinder embodying means for producinga vacuum between the end of the hammer and the end of the plunger whensaid plunger is, moving ina' direction away from said tool holder andforcing said hammer against the end of the tool holder when the plungermoves in the opposite direction.

7. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end having a flange ring mounted in thecylindrical boring of said holder under downward sprin pressure, arecipi'ocatoi'y plunger in sai cylinder, means for actuating'saidplunger, and a reciprocatory hammer movable in said cylinder betweensaid tool holder and said plunger, and said cylinder embodying means forproducing a vacuum .between the end of the hammer and the end of theplunger when said plunger is moving in a direction away from said toolholder and forcing said hammer against the end of the tool holder whenthe plunger moves in the opposite rection, consisting of longitudinalborings and circular cut-outs in said cylinder adapted to maintainatmospheric pressure therein, and means for interrupting the samebetween the hammer and the plunger.-

8. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a cylinder comprising atool holder at one end having. a flange ring mounted in the cylindricalboring of said holder under downward spring'pressure, a reciprocatoryplunger in said cylinder having an air cushion pocket, means foractuating said plunger, and a reciprocatory ham mer having a headadapted to cushion in said air cushion pocket movable in said cylinderbetween said tool holder and said plunger, and said cylinder embodyingmeans for producing a vacuum between the end, of the hammer and the endof the plan er when said plunger is moving in a direction awayv fromsaid tool holder and forcing said hammer against the end of the toolholder when the plunger moves in the opposite direction consisting oflon itudinal borings and circular cut-outs in said cylinder adapted tomaintain atmospheric pressure therein, and means for interrupting thesame between the hammer and plunger.

9. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end having avflange der having an aircushion pocket, means for actuating said plunger, and a reciprocatoryhammer movable in said cylinder between said tool holder and saidplunger, and said cylinder embodying means for producing a vacuumbetween the end of the hammer and the end of the plunger when saidplunger is moving in a direction away from said tool holder and forcingsaid hammer against the end of the tool holder when the plunger moves inthe opposite direction, consisting of longitudinal borings and circularcut-outs in said cylinder adapted to maintain atmospheric pressuretherein, and means for interrupting the same between the hammer andplunger consisting of a circular cut-out on said hammer adapted toregister with the upper circular cut-out in said cylinder.

10. In a vacuum power hammer the combination of a single piece cylindercomprising a tool holder at one end havin a flange rin mounted in thecylindrical %oring of sai holder under downward spring pressure, areciprocatory plunger in said cylinder having an air cushion pocket,means for actuating said plunger, and a reciprocatory hammer having ahead adapted to cushion in said air cushion ocket movable in saidcylinder between said tool holder and said plunger, and said cylinderembodying means for producing a vacuum between the end of the hammer andthe end of the plunger .the cylinder of a vacuum power when said plungeris moving in a direction away from said tool holder and forcing saidhammer against the end of the tool holder when the plunger moves in theopposite direction consisting of longitudinal borings and circularcut-outs in said cylinder adapted to' maintan atmospheric pressuretherein, and means for interrupting the same between the'hamme'r andplunger, consisting of a circular cut-out on said hammer adapted toregister with the upper circular cut-out in said cylinder.

11. A hammer adapted to reciprocate in hammer and having a head, acircular cut-out in said head, and a cylindrical portion having airpassages adapted to eflect an air communication between air passages insaid cylinder with the inside of the cylinder above said hammer.

12. In a vacuum power hammer asingle piece cylinder, a reciprocatorytappet therein having a head in which is a circular cut out adapted toregister with a circular cut out in said cylinder, and a cylindricalportion having air passages communicating with said tappet cut-out andthe inside of 'said cylinder above said hammer.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signa: ture.

LOUIS EL GOLLY.

